How can you normalize for differences in samples? How can you not have replicates?

We use the elive Method, a patented approach to account for the limited tissue available and the high heterogeneity inherent to CNBs. Over time we measure the rate of cytokine production from a single well containing all the fragments from a CNB, sequentially exposed to an IgG control antibody followed by ICI treatment. Voabil had to use 8 replicate wells and saw high heterogeneity because they were doing a cross-well comparison of treatment vs control.